Highlights Novel cyanobacterial genus Calyptranema fuscum gen. sp. nov. proposed. Polyphasic approach combining morphology, phylogeny and genomics used. ANI, AAI and POCP values confirm taxonomic novelty. Pangenome analysis reveals genomic diversity within Oculatellaceae . Abstract This study presents a comprehensive characterization and classification of a novel cyanobacterial isolate, strain S582, proposed as Calyptranema fuscum gen. sp. nov. within the family Oculatellace

Highlights PD-L1 blockade can restore the Th1/Th2/Th17 balance. The intestinal barrier function was improved after PD-L1 blockade. PD-L1 blockade can induce the downregulation of CD103 + DCs. PD-L1 blockade improves microbiota composition, increases Lactobacillus and SCFAs in feces, and reduces LPS in BALF. Abstract Background Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) was found to play an important role in maintaining tolerance and immune balance, and its mechanism of action on ast

Highlights Protrichocysts launches a millisecond-scale, three-stage ejection that unites trichocyst-like mechanical ejection with toxicyst-like chemical release, providing ciliates an inducible hybrid defense against predators. First comprehensive histochemical and proteomic map of its protrichocysts uncovers acid mucopolysaccharides, microtubules and candidate toxic proteins, implying roles beyond defense such as intercellular signaling. Protrichocysts fully regenerate withi

Highlights Natural daylight vs. artificial lighting impacts individuals with type 2 diabetes Daylight increases whole-body fat oxidation and improves glucose homeostasis Daylight increases evening melatonin levels and alters the blood multi-omic signature Daylight vs. artificial light differentially impacts the human skeletal muscle clock Summary Because 80%–90% of our time is spent indoors and daylight is the main synchronizer of the central biological clock, the chronic lac

Highlights Interconnected Antarctic brines show distinct bacterial and fungal communities Fine-scale geochemistry and substrate context filter microbial assembly B2 brine (hypersaline) shows halotolerant bacteria and many unclassified fungi BCM brine shows permafrost/mineral imprint dominated by Patescibacteria and Mrakia BCR brine shows the highest diversity of soil- and glacier-derived microbial taxa Abstract Subsurface Antarctic brines represent highly selective habitats s

Highlights Potent antibacterial activity against eight pathogens across different growth media. Strong biofilm inhibition and bactericidal efficacy on biofilm-embedded cells. Biofilm eradication at sub-MBC outperforming polymyxin B. Lipid and nucleic acid binding, suggesting multiple intracellular modes of action. Global transcriptomic changes including membrane, stress, and metabolism genes. Abstract Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent promising alternatives to conventio

Chocho (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet), a traditional Andean legume, undergoes diverse post-harvest handling and processing steps that can influence its microbial composition and physicochemical properties. To understand how these factors shape food safety and consumer health, we characterized the chocho microbiome across the farm-to-table chain, including field-dried grains (Group C), open-market ready-to-eat products (Group A), and supermarket grains (Group K). Bacterial and fung

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a chronic brain disease with limited therapeutic options. Increasing evidence suggests that the gut microbiome contributes to AUD via the microbiome–gut–brain axis. Here, we conducted a cross-species investigation of gut microbiota alterations in patients with clinically diagnosed AUD and in non-human primates (NHPs) subjected to long-term alcohol (ethanol) self-administration, using metagenomic sequencing. Both cohorts showed reduced microbial d

Pendant de nombreuses années, les recherches en immunologie ont été centrées sur la réponse immunitaire adaptative, et la plupart des immunologistes considéraient que sa fonction principale était de faire la distinction entre soi et non soi. Plus récemment, plusieurs équipes ont proposé que la fonction principale du système immunitaire est en réalité d’éliminer les agents pathogènes. Or, c’est le système immunitaire inné, longtemps négligé, qui joue un rôle essentiel dans l’i

Melioidosis, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei , remains one of the most overlooked tropical infections—deadly, yet curable. Despite its discovery more than a century ago, this disease continues to hide behind the masks of tuberculosis, pneumonia, or sepsis, killing silently in regions where it is least recognized. In 2016, modelling studies estimated that South Asia accounts for nearly 44% of the global burden of melioidosis. ( Limmathurotsakul et al., 2016 ) Yet only a ha

This issue of Biomedical Journal contains four review articles describing our current understanding of the development and biology of B lymphocytes. Read full article for free (open access): https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31627862/ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2319417019304834?via%3Dihub https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6818175/

Suite à l’appel à projet « Démocratie alimentaire – Renforcer la résilience alimentaire des territoires pendant les crises », lancé en 2021 par la Fondation Daniel et Nina Carasso, RESOLIS a décidé de préparer une proposition concernant l’action des collectivités territoriales lors de la crise et de la sortie de crise du COVID-19. Un consortium de partenaires expérimentés dans ce domaine et motivés face à l’enjeu s’est constitué, permettant d’identifier et d’ana

Highlights Teenagers (13–17 years) show the highest gut microbiota stability among healthy individuals aged 3–30 years. Core genera Faecalibacterium and Bifidobacterium have ICC > 0.90, highlighting their value as stable biomarkers for FMT donor screening. An ICC-based framework is proposed to enhance quantitative donor evaluation and standardize FMT practices. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666517425001725

Highlights Over 6.5 million people face invasive fungal infections annually, with high mortality rates due to limited drug options, toxicity, costs, and increasing resistance. Current antifungal drugs primarily target the fungal cell membrane, DNA synthesis , or cell wall, limiting treatment efficacy and promoting resistance. New antifungal agents are in clinical trial stages with new mechanisms of action and/or improvements in the activity of the former. Drug repurposing

Hightlights The context summarizes the latest effects of rhizosphere microorganisms on plants. The context summarizes the mechanisms by which plant hosts shape their own rhizosphere microbial communities . Further explore its impact and utilization potential on microbial communities from the aspects of genotype, functional genes. Provide new ideas for the development of green fertilizer, green agriculture and environmental restoration. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/

Highlights Isolation and characterization of drought-tolerant PGPR strains from the rhizosphere of cactus plant. Bacillus strains were observed to be highly drought-tolerant with PGP characteristics. Bacterial strains work as bio-inoculants to improve crop resilience and production in water-stressed environments. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666517424001020

Highlights Impact of biofertilizers on soil microbial diversity and functionality. Role of microbial-based bio-inoculum in improving plant growth and soil health. Growth-promoting attributes of biofertilizer and its effectiveness over inorganic fertilizers for sustainable agriculture . Prospects of commercialization, bioeconomy and production of biofertilizers for the development of agricultural productivity and socioeconomic status. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/ar

Highlights Chemical pesticides pose serious risks to human health and environmental sustainability, especially in soil and aquatic systems. Microbial communities, including bacteria, fungi, and algae, offer promising, eco-friendly solutions for pesticide degradation and detoxification. OMICs technologies unravel microbial metabolic networks, enabling the discovery of key organisms and molecular components involved in pesticide breakdown. Emerging tools like gene editing and A

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L'interdiction des antibiotiques favorisant la croissance (PCA) dans les régimes à base de produits laitiers en 2006 était principalement motivée par les inquiétudes des producteurs laitiers concernant la résistance aux antibiotiques, qui constitue une menace pour la santé humaine et animale. L’utilisation générale d’antibiotiques en agriculture conduit au développement de cultures bactériennes résistantes, réduisant leur efficacité dans le traitement des infections. Par aill